Electret Condenser Microphone

Electret Condenser Microphone.

An Electret Condenser Microphone (ECM) is a small, high sensitivity microphone commonly used in consumer electronics such as mobile phones, hearing aids, voice recorders, and various audio input devices. It operates using a permanently charged material called an electret, eliminating the need for an external polarizing power supply.

Key Features:

• Type: Condenser microphone with electret material
• Operating Voltage: Typically 1.5V to 10V DC
• Output Type: Analog signal
• Frequency Response: 20 Hz – 20 kHz (varies by model)
• Sensitivity: Around -44 dB (±3 dB)
• Impedance: Usually less than 2.2 k?
• Size: Compact, typically around 6mm in diameter
• Directivity: Omnidirectional or unidirectional (depending on design)

Working Principle: Inside the microphone, a diaphragm and backplate form a capacitor. The diaphragm moves in response to sound waves, changing the capacitance and thus modulating the voltage. The electret material provides a permanent electric field, enabling the conversion of sound into an electrical signal without needing a separate high-voltage source.

Applications:

• Audio input in electronic gadgets
• Voice recognition systems
• Sound level meters
• Communication devices (walkie-talkies, intercoms)
• DIY electronics and Arduino/Raspberry Pi projects

*product image for illustration purposes only. actual product may vary.